激光直接金属快速成形技术的研究进展

Research progress in laser direct metal rapid prototyping technology

激光直接金属快速成形技术既是快速成形基本原理与激光加工技术精华的集成,又是快速成形领域研究与发展的必然趋势。系统地介绍国外5种和国内3种最具有代表性的激光直接金属快速成形技术的最新研究进展,分析这几种技术的主要优点和不足之处,指出其目前存在的问题和今后主要的研究方向。研究表明,金属零件激光直接快速成形工艺具有常规制造方法无法比拟的优势,在航空航天、能源动力、机电工程、仪器仪表、军事武器装备及医疗卫生等领域都具有广阔的应用前景。

The laser direct metal rapid prototyping technology is not only the integration of rapid forming basic principles and laser processing technology, but also the inevitable trend of research and development of rapid shaping field. This paper introduces 5 kinds of foreign and 3 kinds of domestic latest research of laser direct metal rapid shaping technology systematically, and analyses the characteristics of these types of laser direct metal rapid shaping technology, and points out the existing problems and the future major research directions of the laser direct metal rapid shaping technology. Research shows that the direct laser cladding metal parts with rapid prototyping technology have unmatched advantage over conventional manufacturing methods. In the aerospace＇, energy and power engineering, mechanical and electrical engineering, instrumentation, military weapons, equipment, and medical fields, the technology has the broad application prospects.