北京城乡老年人轻度认知障碍患病率调查

Prevalence of the Mild Cognitive Impairment among Elderly in Beijing

目的:调查北京地区老年人群轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)的患病率,分析患病的相关因素。方法:采用逐户访问方式,抽样调查了北京城乡社区60岁及以上老年人1865例,调查分为2个阶段,第1阶段筛查,由经过培训的调查员完成调查问卷及记忆量表、生活活动能力量表(ADL)及认知量表(MMSE)等测验。第2阶段临床诊断,由神经科专科医师对有主诉或家属诉其有明显记忆障碍者,及或有MMSE分数低于界值者进行病史收集、临床体格检查和神经心理测验,并由两名医师最后做出诊断。结果:1865例60岁及以上老年人中有MCI者217人,占11.6%,标化患病率为8.9%。患有MCI的老人中,22.6%为血管性因素所致(MCI-V)。MCI患病率在农村地区、低教育水平及体力劳动为主的老年人群中增加,随年龄增长,患病率增高。结论:与痴呆的患病特征相同,高龄、低教育水平、居住在农村的老年人是MCI的高发人群。

Objective： To study the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment （MCI） among elderly people and associated factors to it. Method： A sample of 1865 elderly people aged 60 or above living in Beijing metropolitan area was investigated by a two-stage survey. In the first stage, a door-to-door visit to the subjects was performed by a trained interviewer to conduct general questionnaire including activity daily living assessment, memory and cognitive test. On the second stage, neurologists examined all screened subjects to collect family history and to finish general and neuro- logical examination as well as neuropsychological testing. MCI was diagnosed by the consensus of 2 neurologists. Result： Among the 1865 subjects visited, 217 （ 11.6% ） were defined to have MCI. After adjusted for age and gender the standardized prevalence reaches 8%. Within the people with MCI 22. 6% was classified as vascular MCI. The prevalence of MCI was higher in people living in rural area, in people with lower educational attainment, and in people who were labor workers. The prevalence increased with age advancing. Conclusion： Similar to dementia, people with advance aged, with low education and living in rural area are those at high risk of developing MCI.