幼儿社交地位及其与母子依恋和智力的关系

Influence of Mother-Child Attachment and IQ on Children's Sociometric Status

目的探讨幼儿的社交地位及其与依恋、智力等因素的关系。方法选取62位4-6岁的幼儿以及他们的母亲,采用同伴提名法和中国比内智力测验评价社交地位和智商,采用中国版依恋分类卡片测量母子依恋关系。结果幼儿的母子依恋关系对社交地位具有显著影响,母子安全依恋系数高的幼儿在同伴中更受欢迎(对于一般可接受性、积极提名和消极提名的回归系数分别为0.5,0.3和-0.4);智力对同伴的一般可接受性具有显著影响(回归系数为0.2),与母亲受教育程度有关(回归系数为0.5);4-5岁女童的智商显著高于男童(115.5±10.5/109.1±10.2,t=2.3,P<0.05),并且比男童更受同伴欢迎(0.3±1/-0.3±0.9,t=2.5,P<0.05)。结论幼儿的母子依恋关系、智商以及性别因素对其社交地位具有显著影响,而智商是性别、家庭环境因素影响幼儿社交地位的中介变量。

Objective： To explore the young children＇s sociometric status and its relationship with mother-child attachment and IQ. Methods： Based on the valid sample of 62 4 -6 years old children and their mothers, the children＇s IQ and sociometric status were measured by the Chinese Binet Scale and peer nomination respectively. The mother-child attachment was measured by the Chinese version Attachment Q-Set. Results： The young children＇s motherchild attachment significantly affected the sociometric status （ for general acceptability, positive nomination and negative nomination, beta were 0. 5, 0. 3 and -0. 4 respectively ） ; Their IQ significantly affected their general acceptabili- ty （ Beta =0. 2） , and was correlated with mother＇s educational degree （ beta =0. 5 ） . The girls had higher IQ （115.5 ±10.5/109.1 ±10.2, t=2.3, P〈0.05） and were more popular than boys （0.3±1/-0.3±0.9, t=2.3, P〈 0. 05） . Conclusions： The young children＇s sociometric status are significantly affected by their mother-child attachment, IQ and gender. IQ is also the mediator of gender and family factors such as parental educational degree to the sociometirc status.