现代文学中的“颓废”与后五四时代的都市想象

"Decadence" in Chinese Modern Literature and the Urban Imagination in the Post-May Fourth Era

不同于欧洲现代艺术家对庸俗的布尔乔亚现代性的反抗,中国现代文学中的"颓废"精神带有深深的都市物质烙印。由于上海特殊的通商口岸体制,中国唯美—颓废作家可以在一定程度上忽视外来文化的殖民性而预设一个理想化的西方来置换中国的现实,以审美幻想抽干资本的本质,以第一世界的绚烂外表取代第三世界的现实存在。他们笔下都市的双重魅惑——商品和女性——代表了一种对现实的中国的精神补偿力量。

Unlike modern European artists' resisting to vulgar bourgeois modernity,the idea of decadence among Chinese vanguard authors comes from the stamp that city imprints upon their feelings.Staying in peculiar trading port system of Shanghai,the aestheticism-decadence writers can ignore the cultural colonization of the Western powers,but setting up an idealized West in advance.Thereupon,aesthetic fantasies take the place of economic motivations of capitalism,and the unbearable realities of the third world are displaced by the splendid appearances of the first world.Commodity and the female,both of which are the important attractions of the city in their works,have indicated a kind of spiritual compensation for Chinese reality.