开关柜内部弧光短路伴生弧声的频谱特性研究

Study on Arc Sound Signature of Fault Arc in Switchgear

为了避免或减少故障电弧的危害,笔者建立了故障电弧探测试验系统,采用功率谱分析的方法对故障电弧的早期弧声特性进行了试验研究,提取出故障电弧的早期弧声特征信息。研究结果表明:故障电弧发生之前,电弧声的频率主要分布在5～10kHz的特征频段内,其带宽、频率中心和能量强度与电极形状、放电距离、放电电压等试验条件有关。通过监测该特征频段内微弱弧声是否存在,即可实现开关柜故障电弧的早期探测预警。

In order to avoid or reduce arc fault hazard, the authors established an arc fault detecting test system with the method of power spectral analysis to study the early acoustic characteristics of fault arc, and extracted the sound signature of early fault arc by using power spectrum analysis. The results show that the signature band of sound wave is within the range from 5 kHz to 10 kHz before fault arc taking place, and variable in both width and center with different electrode shapes, space between electrodes, and discharge voltage. By monitoring the existence of weak arc in this band, early detection and warning of switchgear arc fault can be realized.