杭州城市住宅区绿化植物的群落结构与多样性分析

Analysis on Community Structure and Diversity of the Plants for Greening Urban Residential Areas in Hanzhou

对杭州市13个不同建设时期的住宅区绿化植物群落结构和多样性进行调查与分析，结果表明：群落结构以桂花和香樟为乔木层主体树种，下层以龙柏和山茶为优势，绿篱和地被灌木以红花檀木和金边黄杨为最多，草本和草坪植物以结缕草和麦冬最为常见；乔灌草整合物种丰富度指数（Sp）在16～58，小乔木和灌木层的物种丰富度指数（Sp）、多样性Simpson指数（D）、Shannon—Wiener指数（H）及均匀度指数（JH）相对较高，乔木层、绿篱和地被灌木层次之，草本和草坪植物相对较低；多样性指数与住宅绿地功能区块多样性布局及建设时期有一定的关系，绿地功能区块布局多的住宅区的多样性指数较高，建设年代较早的住宅区的多样性指数较低．

The analysis on the community structure and diversity of the plants for greening 13 residential areas in different periodic construction in Hanzhou showed that the community structure was mainly taking Fios Osmanthi fragrantis and Cinnamomun camphora （Linn.） presl species as arbor body, the low layer was Juniperus chinensis L. Var. and Camellia reticulata Linal as the dominance, the ground cover was Loropetalum chinenese Var. rubrum and Euon Ymus japonicus L. cv. as the most, and Zoysia Japonica Steud and Ophiopoyon Japonicus （Thumb） Linal were as common basic feature of herbal layer. Richness index of arbor-shrub-herb （Sp） was 16 - 58, richness index of the species of small arbor and shrub layer （Sp）, Simpson index （D）, Shannon-Wiener index （H） and evenness index （JH） were relatively higher, those of arbor and ground shrub cover were high, those of herbal plants were relatively lower. Diversity index had certain relationship with diverse functional area layout and construction period. The more functional area layout, the higher diversity index; the earlier residential area, the lower the diversity index.