“社会福利社会化”的陷阱——以广州老人院舍为例

The Trap of Social Welfare Socialization

踏入21世纪,我国已经迈入老龄化阶段。因此,如何面对及处理日益复杂和严重的老龄化问题势必成为我国构建和谐社会的重大问题之一。国家从1986年开始就一直推进"社会福利社会化"的进程,相关部门自1998年之后也相继出台了多条政策法规,希望能够鼓励社会各力量积极参与到老年人社会福利事业中去。笔者根据福利多元组合理论,对城镇老人院的供给主体进行分析,配以广州为例,从而试图揭示出"社会福利社会化"的政策一方面固然能够使更多经济有余力的老人有机会享受院舍服务;但另一方面却有可能排斥一群缺乏家庭供养、经济能力未必是最差但却无力支付"市场化"价格费用的老人进入老人院的机会。

The policy of social welfare socialization was issued in 1986, aiming to encourage various participants in the welfare for the elderly. According to the welfare mix theory, the author tries to analyze the nursing home in Guangzhou to point out that such a policy enables those who can afford the service to go to the center, while those, who are vulnerable to family care but not worst in income and still can not afford the services, are excluded.