城市公共物品供给主体的优化选择

Optimal Choice of Supply Entity of Urban Public Goods

城市公共物品的高效供给关系着市民的福利和我国城市化的进程。城市公共物品的供给可以根据物品不同的性质,来决定不同的供给主体。本文通过对公共物品自身的需求弹性和不同供给主体的交易成本的比较认为:需求弹性小,边际成本低的适合政府供给,反之,则更适合由私人供给;政府供给的边际交易成本如果大于私人供给的边际交易成本,由私人提供更有效率。

The urban public goods＇ high-efficient supply is concerned with the citizens＇ welfare and urbanization process in China. The suppliers are determined by the nature of public goods. Comparison between different demand elasticity of public goods and different suppliers of transaction cost leads to the following conclusion： if demand elasticity is little and marginal cost is low, the government is to supply; if demand elasticity is strong and marginal cost is high, it is better for the individuals to supply. If the marginal transaction cost supplied by the government is greater than that supplied by individuals, it is more efficient to be offered by individuals.