胶州湾移植底播菲律宾蛤仔秋季性腺发育研究

STUDY ON THE GONAD DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPLANT ENHANCED MANILA CLAM R UDITAPES PHILIPPINARμm IN THE JIAOZHOU BAY

为了开发保护胶州湾菲律宾蛤仔增养殖业,保护菲律宾蛤仔资源,本文利用组织学手段对胶州湾移植底播菲律宾蛤仔的性腺发育及生殖周期进行了研究。通过组织切片观察,确定胶州湾移植底播菲律宾蛤仔除5～6月份为繁殖期之外,9～10月为另一繁殖期。根据性腺细胞在生殖滤泡中的比例,将其第二繁殖期内的生殖腺发育过程分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期和休止期五个阶段。结合自然海区调查观测。确定海区水温15℃以上时,蛤仔排放精、卵,且在繁殖盛期至少有两次集中排放的过程。胶州湾移植底播菲律宾蛤仔的性腺发育和生殖周期与自然野生种群的情况基本一致。

In order to conserve the manila clam resources and its aquaculture, the gonad development and reproductive cycles of transplant enhanced manila clam Ruditapes philippinarμm were examined by histological method in the Jiaozhou Bay. By observing the changes of sex gonad on histological section, it was considered that the sex gonad development of R. Philippinarμm had two reproductive cycles in a year in Jiaozhou Bay. Besides from May to June, September and October was another main reproduction period. By distinguishing the proportion of different germ cells in follicle, the sex gonad development of R. philippinarμm can be divided into the following five stages： （1） proliferating stage, （2） growing stage, （3） maturing stage, （4） spawning stage, and （5） resting stage. It was concluded that when the water temperature is above 15℃, the transplant enhanced manila clam can spawning, and there exists at least over two concentrative spawning peaks in one cycle. The gonad development and the reproductive cycle of the transplant enhanced manila clams were the same as that of the wild local population in Jiaozhou Bay.