某高校2006级新生卫生保健与健康状况调查

INVESTIGATION ON THE HEALTH CARE AND HEALTH STATUS AMONG FRESHMEN OF A COLLEGE IN 2006

[目的]通过对大学生卫生保健知识、行为和健康状况的探讨,为改进学校健康教育和促进大学生身心健康提供科学依据。[方法]采用自拟问卷调查、座谈和现场观查等方法,采用分层抽样,对辽东学院911名2006级新生卫生保健知识、行为及健康状况进行调查。[结果]卫生知识满分率为0.00%,平均分数(60.57±10.13)分;只有6.26%能自觉开展自我卫生保健;能定期健康检查和掌握常见疾病的预防方法者较少,分别占7.46%和14.27%;学生对保健知识需求率占前3位的是青春期生理和心理知识、合理营养和疾病的预防;学生的总患病率(除近视眼外)为20.75%,以胃肠疾病和感冒多发。[结论]大学生在卫生保健知识和行为方面,存在着不同程度的问题,学校健康教育的关键是树立正确的健康观和保健信念,编写适合社会发展和需要的教材是当务之急。

[Objective] To explore the health care knowledge, behavior and health status among college students, so as to provide scientific basis for improving the health education in school and promoting the mental health of college students. [ Methods] A total of 911 freshmen of 2006 grade collected with stratified sampling in Liaodong college were investigated about the health care knowledge, behavior and health status with self-designed questionnaire, discussion meeting and site-investigation. [ Results] The full marks rate of health knowledge was 0.00%, and the average score was 60.57±10.13 ; 6.26% of students could consciously develop self-health care; A few of students could take periodic health examination and acquire the preventive method for common diseases, accounted for 7.46% and 14.27%, respectively; The top three requirement rate of health care knowledge were the physiology during adolescence and psychological knowledge, rational nutrition and disease prevention; The total incidence of students （except myapia） was 20.75%, and the main diseases were stomach intestine disease and frigorism. [Conclusion] College students have different level of problem in the aspects of health care knowledge and behavior. The key point for school health education is to establish correct health concept and health care belief. It is urgent to compile teaching material which is suitable for the development and demand of society.