2004年我国麻疹发病情况分析

ANALYSIS OF MEASLES INCIDENCE IN CHINA IN 2004

[目的]初步描述和分析2004年我国31个省、市、自治区麻疹发病的流行病学特征。[方法]根据2004年我国建立并投入使用的"全国传染病疫情信息网络直报系统"ORACLE数据库数据以及第5次全国人口普查数据,初步描述麻疹发病的流行病学特征,并采用系统聚类方法对各地区麻疹发病率进行聚类分析。[结果]2004年我国麻疹发病率为6.42/10万。麻疹病例以15岁以下儿童为主,集中在0～10岁年龄组(占总报告病例数的75.20%);男、女性分别占总报告病例数的58.30%和41.70%;3～7月高发(占62.86%),其次是11、12月,也即冬春季节高发,发病最高峰为4月。全国各地区麻疹发病率参差不齐,较高的省份多位于西部地区。聚类分析结果共分为8类。[结论]2004年我国麻疹发病形势不容乐观,各地发病率差别较大,应进一步弄清存在差别的原因,加强麻疹计划免疫及相关防治工作。

[Objective] To primarily analyze and descript the epidemiological characteristics of measles incidence in China in 2004. [Methods] Based on the ORACLE data released by national CDC and the fifth national census, the epidemiological characteristics of measles were primarily described, and its incidence were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods and Hierarchical clustering analysis. [Results] The incidence of measles was 6.42/105, the patients with measles were main children below 15 years old, concentrated at the range of 0 years old to 10 vears old （ which accounted for the 75.20% of the patients with measles reported） ; The male patients and female patients accounted for 58.30% and 41.70%, respectively; the incidence peak was during March to July, followed by November and December. So the incidence seasons were spring and winter, the incidence peak in a year was April. The incidence of measles showed dramatically different among different districts. provinces with high incidence of measles mainly concentrated in west of China. The results of cluster analysis were divided into eight categories. [Conclusion] The prevalence of measles in China is still serious. The incidences of measles vary in different areas, whose reason should be cleared. Effort should be taken to strengthen the planning immunization of measles and related prevention works.