极地环境污染物的微生物降解及其生物修复研究进展

ADVANCE IN MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF POLLUTANT AND BIOREMEDIATION IN POLAR REGIONS

随着人类社会的发展及其对未知世界探索能力的提高,环境污染目前已演变成为全球性问题,即使是远离人类居住地的南北极地区也不能幸免。任何污染在极地这样一个生态系统组成单调、环境承载能力脆弱的地方都可能带来严重后果,因此极地环境的污染治理尤为迫切。生物修复技术作为环境治理的重要方法与手段,受到了普遍关注。本文简要介绍了极地环境的污染现状以及近年来应用微生物开展极地环境污染物降解与生物修复的主要进展,并就研究中的一些潜在问题展开讨论。极地环境的污染治理与生物修复,将是21世纪环境微生物学研究人员的一项重要使命。

With the development of human society and improvement of abilities to explore the unknown world, nowadays environment pollution has become a global problem, even threatening the remote polar regions. Pollution control and treatment in polar regions is a especially prominent problem for the potentially severe consequences caused by any pollution in polar ecosystem being relatively simple, fragile and easy to be destroyed. As an important technology for environment treatment, bioremediation has attracted more attentions, mainly due to its low cost, high efficiency and no second pollution to environment. In this review, environment pollution in polar regions and related pollution treatment and bioremediation by microorganisms in recent years are summarized. In addition, some problems in research are discussed. Pollution treatment and bioremediation of polar environment has become an important task for environmental microbiologists in the 21 st century.