短日照处理对草莓花芽分化的影响

Effects of Short Daylight on the Flower Bud Differentiation of Strawberry

[目的]为张家口坝上地区草莓栽培制定适宜的管理措施提供理论依据。[方法]以3个一季性、1个四季性草莓品种为材料,采用黑膜进行短日照处理,对照不加盖黑膜,研究短日照处理对草莓花芽分化的影响。[结果]短日照处理对一季性草莓品种的花芽分化有促进作用,使花芽分化提前5 d,而对四季性草莓品种花芽分化的影响不大。8月29日短日照处理各草莓品种的40%-60%开始花芽分化,9月3日对照花芽分化开始。四季性草莓品种无论是对照还是处理,每次观察都能看到花芽分化的各个时期。[结论]短日照处理促使一季性草莓品种的花芽分化提前5 d,可以用来调控坝上地区草莓的花芽分化。

[Objective] The research aimed to provide the theoretical basis for making suitable management measures for the strawberry cultivation in the area of Bashang in Zhangjiakou. [ Method ] With 3 June-bearing strawberry cultivars and one seasonal strawberry euhivar as material, short daylight treatment was made by using black film （ not mulching with black film in control） to study the effects of short daylight treatment on the flower bud differentiation of strawberry. [ Result] Short daylight treatment had a promotion effect on the flower bud differentiation of 3 June-bearing strawberry cultivars, which made the stage of flower bud differentiation advanced for 5 days, while its effects on the flower bud differentiation of seasonal strawberry cultivar was little. 40% - 60% strawberry eultivars with short daylight treatment began the flower bud differentiation on August 29th , while the flower bud differentiation in eontrol began on September 3rd. Every period of flower bud differentiation in seasonal strawberry eultivars whether in control or treatment could be seen in each time of observation. [ Conclusion] Short daylight treatment promoted the flower bud differentiation of June-bearing strawberry cultivar advanced for 5 days, which could be used to regulate the flower bud differentiation of strawberry in the area of Bashang in Zhangjiakou.