紫茉莉入侵特性及其入侵风险评估

Invasion Characteristics and Invasion Risk Assessment of Mirabilis jalapa

在实验室条件下测定了紫茉莉(Mirabilis jalapa)的有性繁殖能力、营养繁殖能力、化感作用和耐盐特性,对其入侵特性进行了初步研究,并对其入侵风险进行了评估,结果表明:(1)紫茉莉种子繁殖能力强,根和茎亦具有营养繁殖能力;(2)紫茉莉种子萌发期间耐盐性强于耐盐植物蜀葵;(3)紫茉莉对其它植物具有较强的化感作用潜能,对小麦和白菜的种子萌发及幼苗生长产生明显的抑制作用.因此,紫茉莉具有较高入侵风险,是一种能对入侵地生态系统安全和生物多样性构成威胁的外来物种,必须对其严格加以控制.

To study the potential invasive characteristics and the successful invasion of alien species Mirabilis jalapa,a series of experiments were carried out to examine the capacities of sexual reproduction and vegetative propagation of M. jalapa,the allelopathic effects of M. jalapa, and its halotolerant characteristic. In the end, we evaluated the invasion risk of M. jalapa. Experimental results indicated that, （1） M. jalapa possess powerful capacities of sexual reproduction and vegetative propagation. （2）In the period of seed germination,M, jalapa had higher salt tolerance than Althaea rosea, which is a common accepted halophyte. （3）M. jalapa could hold distinct allelopathic effects on other plants,it can inhibits the seed germination and seedling growth of wheat and cabbage. Followed by the results described above,M, jalapa is an alien invasive plant which could threaten the ecological security and bio-diversity in the new habitats,it has great invasive potential in China. We suggest that urgent measures should be taken to control its further spread.