西双版纳热带雨林中花外蜜腺植物的初步调查

Preliminary Investigation of Extrafloral Nectaried Plants in the Tropical Rainforests in Xishuangbanna,China

为了解西双版纳热带雨林中花外蜜腺植物分布规律,作者在西双版纳自然保护区勐腊县境内调查了7个(3个原始雨林,4个不同林龄的次生林)森林群落中的花外蜜腺植物。7个群落中共有424种被子植物,发现花外蜜腺植物52种(占12.3%)。大部分花外蜜腺植物隶属于五桠果亚纲(Dillenidae)、蔷薇亚纲(Rosidae)和菊亚纲(Asteridae);扁平型的花外蜜腺最常见,叶片是花外蜜腺的主要着生部位。7个群落中的花外蜜腺植物种类丰富度版纳青梅原始林中最低(9.8%),5年生中平树林中最高(18.5%),次生林比原始林中花外蜜腺植物更丰富。不同生长型中花外蜜腺植物种类丰富度依次为乔木>灌木>藤本>草本,未发现附生植物和寄生植物有花外蜜腺。

In order to understand the distribution pattern of the extrafloral neetaried plants in the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna, Yurman, China, we investigated seven forest communities （three primary forests and four secondary forests at different ages） in Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve. Fifty-two species belonging to 36 genera and 23 families accounting for 12.3% of 424 angiosperm species in the seven communities were found to bear extrafloral neetaries （EFNs）. Among which, eight genera and 37 species were the first time to be recorded as plants to bear EFNs. The study indicated, （ 1 ） The EFN species mainly occurred in subclasses DiUeniidae, Rosidae and Astefidae of the Magnoliopsida, and the most common EFNs were flattened glands situated on leaf blades; （2） The proportions of EFN species within the seven communities ranged from 9.5% （ Vatica guangxiensis forest） to 18.5% （ Macaranga denticulata forest）, and the EFN species appeared to be more abundant in the secondary forests than those in the primary forests; （3） EFN species were disproportionally distributed among different growth forms, with the abundance being： tree 〉 shrub 〉 liana 〉 herb, and no epiphytic and parasitic plants were found to bear EFNs.