试析中世纪西欧庄园制瓦解的经济影响

An economic influence of the collapse of the manor system in medieval Western Europe

中世纪西欧的庄园制在经历了一段时间的兴盛后,由于商品经济的发展、黑死病的流行等一系列因素的影响,在14、15世纪瓦解了。庄园制的瓦解对西欧社会经济的发展产生了重大、深远的影响。它促进了西欧近代早期资本主义农场的兴起、地租形态的更替、市场体系的孕育、农奴的解放等,为西欧率先实现现代化奠定了基础。

After having been flourishing for a period of time, the manor system in medieval Western Europe collapsed in the fourteenth and fifteenth century, because of the influence of the development of commodities economy, of the proliferation of the Black Death and a lot of other factors. Its collapse had exerted large and far - reaching influence on the social economy of medieval Western Europe. It had promoted the rise of capitalist farm in early modern Western Europe, the change of rent form, the birth of market network, the emancipation of serfs ; and had lald a foundation for Western Europe to realize modernization first.