中国国境口岸梅毒流行病学监测分析

Epidemiological analysis of syphilis at frontier ports of China

目的通过对中国国境口岸梅毒感染者的流行病学分析,掌握国境口岸出入境人员中梅毒的流行情况,以便于确定国境口岸梅毒监测的重点人群和采取有针对性的防控措施。方法对全国各口岸检验检疫机关报告的梅毒病例资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果中国梅毒检出率较高的国境口岸为西藏(40.10%)、黑龙江(1.53%)、贵州(1.23%)、青海(0.98%)、海南(0.91%);外籍梅毒感染者中以来自东亚地区的最多;口岸梅毒感染者以中青年男性为主;中国籍涉外婚姻(10.08‰)、司机(7.50‰)、商务人员(5.09‰)和外籍服务人员(8.41‰)、商务人员(6.86‰)、涉外婚姻(6.58‰)的梅毒检出率较高。中国籍出入境人员梅毒检出率(2.54‰)高于外籍出入境人员(1.69‰)。结论要根据出入境人员中梅毒的流行病学特征,有针对性地加强对口岸重点人群的监测,以及梅毒防治知识的宣传和普及,防止梅毒通过国境口岸传入传出。

Objective To understand conditions of syphilis spread by epidemiological analysis of syphilis cases entering or exiting frontier ports of China, to determine focus points and target population of surveillance and to adopt relevant measures for control and prevention of this type of STD. Methods Syphilis＇ data from all inspection and quarantine points at the frontier ports of China were analyzed and descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted for syphilis cases reported by these points. Results High rates of syphilis were detected at ports of Tibet（40.10 %）, Heilongjiang（1.53 %）, Guizhou （1.23 %）, Qinghai （0.98%） and Hainan （0.91%） . The majority of syphilis cases were from South-East Asia. Most of these cases were young or middle-aged men. Higher rates of syphilis were detected in the following population groups：Chinese citizens who married foreigners （10.08%）, drivers （7.50%）, businessmen （5.09%）, foreigners working in service trade （ 8.41% ）, foreign businessmen （ 6.86 % ） and foreigners who married Chinese （ 6.58 % ） . Syphilis detection rate （2.54‰） in Chinese entering or exiting frontier ports was higher than that in foreigners（1.69‰）. Conclusion In order to prevent transmission of syphilis from frontier ports, surveillance of focus points and target population, as well as education to publicize knowledge about syphilis control need to be strengthened.