微创技术在肺减容术治疗重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的研究

Study about Microinvasive Techniques of Lung Volume Reduction for Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

许多研究已证明了外科肺减容术可以改善重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的肺功能、运动能力、生活质量和生存率。微创技术应用于肺减容术,将减少传统肺减容术中存在的创伤及其带来的并发症等问题。正在研究的技术包括经胸腔镜折叠或压缩肺气肿部位,经纤维支气管镜置入支气管单向阀或注射药物引起肺不张,支气管肺开窗术增加气体流出。随着新方法与新器械的不断出现,以及改进与完善,微创技术应用于肺减容术将是治疗重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病的未来发展方向。

Lung volume reduction surgery （LVRS） has been shown to improve pulmonary function, exercise capacity, quality of life, and survival rate of patients with severe chronic obstructive disease （COPD）. Microinvasive technique are being used in lung volume reduction surgery, which will derease some problems including trauma and related complications brought with LVRS Now, some microinvasive techniques are being explored, which includes thoracoscopic plication or compression of emphysematous lung, one way bronchial valves inserted or injection of polymers into emphysematous regions of lung via fiberoptic bronchoscopy to promote atelectasis in emphysematous lung, and bronchopulmonary fenestrations to enhance expiratory flow. With the emerging and improving of new techniques and instruments, Using microinvasive techniques in LVRS will be a direction for COPD therapy in the future.