从主体到身体——福柯身体理论的发生学研究

From Subject to Body:A Study of the Genesis of Foucault's Notion of Body

福柯的身体理论是发生在当代法国主体哲学崩溃时期,从海德格尔对形而上学主体的冲击引起福柯对主体哲学现代困境的关注,到福柯受梅洛·庞蒂启发,注意身体对主体的反动,但福柯真正完善对身体的现代遭遇的分析和思考,则是得益于尼采生物学的身体概念。

The thesis tries to analyze the genesis process of Foucault's notion of body. Foucault's notion of body was formulated in the period when the contemporary French subjective philosophy began to collapse. Firstly, Heidegger's impact upon the metaphysical subject aroused Foucault's concern about the modern dilemma of the subjective philosophy. Merleau Ponty inspired Foucault to notice the body's reaction to subject. However, what makes Foucault perfect his analyses and musings about the body's modern situations comes from Nietzsche's notion of biological body.