金沙江干热河谷退耕还林区川楝造林技术研究

Reforestation Technique of Melia toosendan Suitable for Forest Rehabilitation at Hot-Dry Valley of Jinshajiang River

土壤含水量是影响金沙江干热河谷造林成败的关键因子,同时也是影响林分生产力的限制性因子,通过试验得出:采用水平沟整地(40 cm×40 cm)、与多年生小灌木(木豆、山毛豆)混交,可在一定程度上提高林地土壤含水量,从而使得造林保存率和林分生产能力均有提高,但是受其土壤承载能力的影响,单位面积的保存株数保持在525株/hm2左右;此外,用I级苗木造林,不但可以提高造林保存,对林分的后其生长也有促进作用。应用灰色关联度分析法对造林密度、整地方式、混交模式、苗木规格等4个影响因子在L9(34)正交设计9种不同造林技术下林分的保存率等相关生长指标进行综合评价,结果显示造林密度为1 245株/hm2、水平沟整地(40 cm×40 cm)、与木豆混交和用I级苗(苗高大于130 cm,地径大于1.3 cm)的造林技术关联度值为最大达到1,按灰色关联度分析原理,在此技术条件下川楝的生长状况达到理想状态。

Field moisture capacity is the key factor not only resulting in afforestation success or failure, but also that impacting on productivity of stand at hot-dry valley of Jinshajiang River. It was concluded by the investigation that ：the contour trench（40 cm× 40 cm）,mixted with （Cajanus cajan） can increase the field moisture capacity, in accordance, the productivity of stand could bue improved in some degrees. But bearing the weight of soil capability, survival individual plant on unit area was about 525 plant/hm^2. Furthermore, introduction of the grade 1 seedling in afforestation could improve survival rate, and facilitate the stand productivity. By studying on afforestation density, sit preparation, pattern of mixture, seedling quality of Melia toosendan, and application ash association coefficient analysis with individual survival rate in 2005, the reforestation techniques were recommnded afforestation density （1 245 individual per hm2）, contour trench （40 cm × 40 cm）, mixted with Cajanus cajan, the grade 1 seedling of Melia toosendan （seedling high〉130 cm,diameter〉1.3 cm）, its ash association coefficient was 1, according to the theory, this afforestation technology was the optimal to Melia toosendan at hot-dry valley of Jinshajiang River.