“美国化”与德国反美主义的文化释读

Americanization and a Cultural Interpretation of Anti-Americanism in Germany

反美主义是一种全球现象,反映了世界各国对美国在国际事务中称王称霸的不满,也体现了对美国大众文化向外扩张的抵制。德国的反美主义具有很长的历史,其理论基础是该国精英阶层不能认同美国文化的观念,美国大众文化的广泛传播加剧了德国精英人士的反美情绪。他们会对美国大众文化的进入采取各种形式的抵制,对整个社会形成消极的美国形象产生影响。时至今日,"美国化"依然是德国在维护本国文化认同和生活方式时面对的严峻挑战,也预示着德国的反美主义在未来不仅很难缓和,而且还会呈加剧的态势。

Anti-Americanism is a global phenomenon which reflects the resentment of other countries in the world to the hegemony of the United States and resistance to the global expansion of American popular culture.The anti-Americanism in Germany has a long history.The theoretical foundation of anti-Americanism is that the elite class in Germany never accepts the concept expressed in American culture.The extensive spread of American popular culture intensifies their anti-American feelings.They have taken various forms of resistances against American popular culture entering Germany,which has a great impact on the forming of a negative American image in German society.Now,Americanization still is a severe challenge faced by Germans in their effort to maintain their cultural identity and style of life,in other words,German anti-Americanism will assume an increasing intensity in the future.