词类活用问题的定性及发展趋势浅议

Brief Analysis of the Nature and Development Tendency of Word Class Conversion

本文就目前学术界比较有争议的词类活用问题的概念进行了界定,认为古汉语中的活用是语法方面的问题,而现代汉语中的"活用"属于修辞学的范畴。因此,我们对词类活用问题的发展趋势作了以下判定:一、由语法作用逐渐演变为语用作用;二、数量渐渐减少;三、活用的词类类别逐渐增多;四、使用的语体由广到狭。

The article limits the concept of the word class conversion, which is now a dispute in academic circles. Word class conversion in classical Chinese is a problem in Pragmatics, but that in modem Chinese is a problem in Rhetoric. Therefore, we determine the development tendency of the problem： tirst, its function evolves from grammar to style; second, the quantity gradually reduces; third, the category gradually grows; firth, the scope changed from great to slight.