钾营养水平对艳光油桃果实品质的影响

Effects of K nutrition levels on fruit quality of "Yanguang" nectarine

对4年生的艳光油桃施用4种水平的钾肥,研究它对油桃果实品质的影响。结果表明,施用钾肥不仅可以显著地提高果实中可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、糖酸比、维生素C以及钾的含量,提高果实的内在品质;也可以提高果实的单果重、着色指数以及果顶和果胴的L、a、b值,改善了果实的外观品质;还能够明显地减少果实裂果,增大果实硬度,延长果实常温(25℃)贮藏期和低温(5℃)贮藏期,进而改善果实的抗裂果特性和贮运特性。通过比较各处理油桃果实品质综合评判的评分,NPK2处理的钾肥施用效果最好。

Experiments were carried out to study the effects of potassium （K） nutrition on ＂Yanguang＂ nectarine fruit quality by applying four levels potassium fertilization to four-year-old trees. The results showed that K fertilization could not only improve the fruit inner qualities significantly due to raising the contents of soluble solid content, soluble sugar, ratio of sugar to acid, vitamin C and mineral K, but also improve the fruit appearance through in- creasing single fruit weight and pigmentation index and the value of L, a and b of fruit tip and fruit body. Additionally, it could decrease fruit cracking rate, increase fruit firmness and lengthen fruit preservation periods under normal temperature （25 ℃ ） and low temperature （ 5 ℃ ）, so as to improve the characteristics of resistance to fruit cracking and preservation. From the comprehensive judgment marks of the four treatments nectarine fruit qualities, it is suggested that the effect of NPK2 treatment was the best.