应用原态提取法提取食药用菌活性物质的抗衰老功效研究

Anti-ageing Effects of Mushroom Extracts Obtained Using the Natural Form Extraction （NFE） Method

通过研究不同剂量的2种食用菌原态提取物对果蝇寿命的影响,初步确定适宜给药剂量为20g/L;比较了原态提取法和传统热水浸提法提取物的抗衰老功效,结果表明,3种食用菌的原态提取物均较相应的热水提取物具有明显优势;对22种食用菌子实体和1种食用菌加工产品的原态提取物进行了果蝇生存试验,从中筛选出茶树菇、栎金钱菌等7种有显著抗衰老功效的品种,同时发现部分试验品种提取物的抗衰老功效具有明显性别差异。

A total of 23 mushroom extracts were prepared using the newly developed Natural Form Extraction （NFE） method and screened for anti-ageing activity in Drosophila populations. The amounts of extractives obtained from broken-walled spores of G. lucidum, and from C. versicolor and L. edodes fruit bodies, were markedly higher when the NFE method was adopted compared with the more conventional Thermal Water Extraction （TWE） method. Furthermore, in the case of C. versicolor, the Drosophila longevity prolongation rate for extracts prepared using the NFE method was almost three times higher. Optimal dosage tests revealed that A. cylindracea extract added to the basic Drosophila diet at a concentration of 20 g/L was most effective in prolonging the longevity of both male and female populations （prolongation rates of 43.2% and 20.3% for male and female populations, respectively）. In the case of A. auricula extract, 5 g/L and 20 g/L dosages prolonged longevity in male Drosophila populations to a similar degree whereas 20 g/L was most effective in female populations. Of the 23 mushroom materials tested, extracts of C. versicolor, A. auricula, Yuewei G. lucidum spores, A. cylindracea, T. decora, C. dryophila and T. matsutake exhibited significant Drosophila anti-ageing activity, especially in the case of male populations.