铝镁合金双路径加载充液拉深成形的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of aluminum-magnesium alloy cup’s forming by hydrodynamic deep drawing with double loading paths

针对铝镁合金等低塑性板材的成形需要，提出了带主动径向加压的双路径加载充液拉深技术。应用数值模拟的方法，采用大型非线性动力显式分析软件ETA／Dynaform5．5，对5A06铝镁合金平底筒形件的双路径加载充液拉深成形过程进行研究，讨论液室压力变化对零件成形性的影响，以零件成形最终壁厚分布为评定标准，分析不同径向压力加载路径对成形质量的影响。模拟结果表明，采用合理的液室加载曲线，并配合20-45MPa的主动径向压力，可有效地提高铝镁合金平底简形件的成形极限，拉深比可达到3．1。

Aimed at the forming need of aluminum-magnesium alloy and other low plasticity materials, a new double loading paths process of hydrodynamic deep drawing （HDD） with independent radial hydraulic pressure and chamber pressure was brought forward. The numerical simulations of the aluminum-magnesium alloy （5A06） flat bottom cylindrical cup＇s HDD with double loading paths process were carried out by employing the large non-linear dynamic explicit analytical software ETA/Dynaform5.5. The chamber pressure variations to the formability effects were discussed. The influence of different independent radial hydraulic pressure loading paths on the forming quality was analyzed by taking the wall-thickness distribution as standard. The results show that adopting the reasonable liquid chamber pressure loading curves and the independent radial hydraulic pressure from 20 MPa to 45 MPa can increase the forming limitation of aluminum-magnesium alloy cup effectively. The drawing limitation obtained is 3.1.