违宪审查的逻辑结构

The Logical Structure of Constitutional Review

违宪审查是特定国家机关依据宪法对抽象规范和具体行为进行的合宪性审查,由审查主体、依据和对象三要素构成。违宪审查主体的确立应遵从民主和权力制约原则,确保法官的独立性并建立修宪权与违宪审查权相互制约的机制。违宪审查的依据是宪法典而非部门宪法。违宪审查对象的确定应依据权力渊源和规范内容渊源二重标准。

Constitutional review includes the three dements of subject, criterion and object. The assignment of constitutional review should accord with the principles of democracy and power restriction, separate and balance the power of constitution amendment and constitutional review. The criterion of constitutional review should be constitutionally coded instead of being departmental. The objects of constitutional review should be defined according to related descriptions in the origins of legislation power and specifications.