动物福利壁垒——南北贸易的新焦点

Animal Welfare Barrier:New focus in North-South trade

近年来,动物福利壁垒是困扰发展中国家动物产品出口的主要贸易壁垒,利用博弈论中的不完全竞争模型可以看出,实施动物福利壁垒有利于发达国家的出口贸易,而不实施动物福利壁垒给整个社会带来的效率最高。而利用囚徒困境模型可以看出发达国家与发展中国家同时设置动物福利的贸易壁垒才能使双方达到利益最大化。因此,在是否实施及如何实施动物福利壁垒的过程中,发达国家始终处于有利地位,发展中国家只有提高自己的生产技术,优化产品出口结构,才能提升在国际贸易中的竞争力。

In recent years, the animal welfare barrier has become a trade barrier to the export of animal products in developing countries. The application of the imperfect competition model in game theory shows that the animal welfare barrier is favorable for the export trade in developed countries, while the prisoner predicament model shows that a trade barrier with an animal welfare barrier can give both countries the biggest benefits. Therefore, the developed countries always get the better end of the staff whether this animal welfare barrier is carried out. Thus, to raise their competition power, the developing countries should improve their production techniques and optimize their export structure.