中外优秀女子跳远运动员起跳阶段相关参数分析与探讨

A Discussion and Analysis of the Relevant Parameter during Taking-off for the Elite Female Long Jumpers Home and Abroad

本文以世界锦标赛优秀女子跳远运动员和我国优秀女子跳远运动员的技术参数(助跑速度、起跳能力、助跑能力、助跑的准确性和落地动作等主要技术环节和技术细节)为依据,通过文献资料、数理统计、比较分析等研究方法,对我国和世界跳远选手进行比较分析,研究结果发现踏板不准确和落地动作不佳是当今世界不少优秀跳远选手存在的较为严重的问题,我国选手这方面优于世界选手、但我国女子跳远运动员的腿部绝对力量的缺乏、垂直上升速度的差。针对这样的情况本文提出"加强腿部专项力量练习、适当的缩小速度利用率和加大垂直速度在腾起初速度的比例"的对策。为提高我国女子优秀运动员的水平提供一定的参考和依据。

Based on the technical parameters of the elite female long jumpers from the world championship contest and China including the technical details of the speed of approach run , take-off ability, approach run ability, the accuracy of approach run and its landing,by means of literature review, mathematical statistics and comparative analysis, the author makes a comparative analysis toward the long jumpers home and abroad. The result shows that inaccurate beating of board and poor landing are the main problems with some world-class long jumpers,while many Chinese long jumpers are relatively better at this than the world jumpers. However,the insufficiency in the absolute strength of leg and difference in perpendicular ascendant velocity are the problems for the Chinese female long jumpers, Consequently,the author proposes that special strength exercise on legs should be enforced, speed utilization ratio be decreased appropriately and the proportion of perpendicular velocity to the speed of initial prancing be increased, in order to offer certain references and basis for the improvement of the level of the elite female long jumpers in China.