现代中年人亚健康状态与运动健身

On the Sub-healthy State and Bodybuilding for the Middle-Aged

世界卫生组织（WHO）认为,亚健康状态是介于健康和疾病之间的一种临界状态,是指机体在内外环境不良刺激下引起心理、生理发生异常变化,但尚未达到明显病理性反应的程度。中年人是社会的栋梁,他们肩负着历史的重任,而他们在身体上表现为长期超负荷劳累、持续不断地工作学习,或睡眠不足,疲劳得不到及时消除而导致过劳。他们的健康状况令人担忧。环境污染、社会心理压力（超负荷压力、人际关系紧张等）、不良生活方式等因素是中年人亚健康的主要成因。调查资料显示,现代社会符合健康标准者约占人群总数的15%左右;人群中被确诊为疾病、不健康者也占15%左右;亚健康人群约占人群总数的60%,其中主要是中年人群,约占48%-59%,高级知识分子、企业管理者亚健康发生率可高达70%[9]。另据奚潘良[10]上海市调查发现,在有高级职称的中年知识分子中,75%属于亚健康人群。这些人普遍存在“六高一低”的倾向。结合中年人亚健康的特点,从运动健身角度出发提出防止中年人亚健康的一些途径。

The World Health Organization （WHO） believes that sub-healthy state is one critical status between healthy state and disease. It refers to a state when organism makes abnormal changes due to bad stimulations from both internal and external environment, but not to a degree where obvious pathological responses occur. The middle-aged people are normally the ridgepole of the soclety,who bear important responsibilities,while physically they tend to show signs of overtiredness as a result of long-term over-loaded work, continual work or study and lack of sleep. This situation is really worrying and can be worse as their fatigue can not be got rid of in time. The main factors leading to the subhealthy state among the middle-aged are environmental pollution, social and psychological pressure （overpressure from loaded work and tension from interpersonal relationships） and unhealthy life styles. According to relevant statistics,only 15% people in the modern society meet healthy criteria, about 60 % of the total,among whom 480% to 59 % are middie-aged people, are suffering from sub-healthy state, and occurrence of sub-healthy state among advanced intellectuals,entrepreneurs and supervisors is as high as 70%. In an investigation in Shanghai,XI Panliang finds that 75 % of the middle-aged intellectuals having advanced academic titles show symptoms of sub-health. There is a common tendency of ＂six highs and one low＂ among them. According to some of the characteristics of subhealth, this article puts forward some effective approaches to prevent sub-healthy state among middle-aged people from a perspective of bodybuilding.