公共基础设施项目的混合开发模式研究

Mixed Development Models for Public Works

虽然BOT模式已广泛用于公共基础设施项目的开发,但是,经济效益不佳的项目很难直接采用BOT模式;对于投资规模巨大的项目,采用BOT模式也难以获得竞争性投标。为了扩大BOT模式的应用范围,利用项目的可分解性,从理论上探讨了项目的混合开发模式。按照项目的不同分解方式,把混合开发模式分为双合同策略混合开发模式和多合同策略混合开发模式两大类。通过北京地铁四号线和宜泸渝高速公路项目的案例分析,不但剖析了混合开发模式的优缺点,而且证明了混合开发模式比单纯的BOT模式具有更大的灵活性、更广的应用范围,可以克服BOT模式的局限性,具有广阔的应用前景。

The Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model has been widely applied to the development of public works. However, BOT cannot directly be used for projects that are not profitable though they have significant socio-economic benefits. BOT cannot obtain competitive tenders if a project is too big in terms of capital investment due to lack of competent developers. In order to apply BOT to a wider range of projects, this paper caterorized two groups of mixed development models based on the understanding that a project may be broken down into smaller projects. One group of mixed development models is dual procurement strategies development models, and the other is multiple procurement strategies development models. Through the case studies of Beijing Metro Line 4 and Yibin-Luzhou-Chongqing highway projects, this paper also analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of mixed development models. The case studies showed that mixed development models are more flexible than BOT models. It is concluded that mixed development models can be applied to a wider range of situations than BOT models do.