美国的山区流域管理

Catchment Management of Mountainous Areas in the United States

作者介绍了流域的概念和定义以及流域管理的起因，论述了美国山区流域管理所面临的问题和采取的治理措施，并阐述了流域管理中森林水文学的作用和效益。认为，美国的流域管理已经从单一的水资源调控发展到对整个流域以水土资源为核心的再生自然资源的保护、改良和多目标利用，以达到流域的可持续发展的目的。

The United States is a country which has earliest established organizations for water catchment management in the world. The management of water catchment is regarded as a scientific subject. In this review paper an introduction was given to the concept and definition of water catchment and the development of catchment management. The issues facing to and hydrological effects of catchment management were discussed. The management of water catchment in America has reached the stage of protection, improvement and multiple uses of the renewable resources towards the sustainable development.