南京某社区居民道路交通伤害相关知识和态度分析

Knowledge and Attitude on Traffic Injury Prevention and Control in Residents of a Community in Nanjing

[目的]了解社区居民预防道路交通伤害的知识和态度情况，为有效开展社区道路交通安全健康教育工作提供参考依据。[方法]采用随机多级抽样的方法，对南京市某社区居民预防道路交通伤害的知识和态度情况进行问卷调查，并分析年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文化程度及经济状况等因素对居民道路交通伤害知识和态度的影响。[结果]不同年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文化程度和经济状况的居民，预防和控制道路交通伤害的知识和态度均存在一定的差异。不同年龄居民的非机动车行车知识正确率不完全相同（Х^2=10．587，P〈0．05）；男性居民交通法规知晓率、非机动车行车知识正确率、电动自行车知识正确率均高于女性（Х^2=6．996、9．059、4．945，P〈0．05）；不同婚姻状况居民知识态度无明显不同（P〉0．05）；文化程度不同，居民对交通警察指挥手势及交通信号认识的正确率、高速公路限速知识正确率、机动车驾驶知识正确率、非机动车行车知识正确率不完全相同（Х^2=18．743、27．673、19．944、28．356，P〈0．05）；经济收入不同，交通法规知晓率、对交通警察的手势及交通信号认识的正确率、高速公路限速知识正确率、非机动车行车知识正确率不完全相同（Х^2=16．433、22．597、23．664、11．117，P〈0．05），家庭人均年收入在2～4万元人民币的居民愿意接受交通安全免费教育的人数最高（Х^2=13．233，P〈0．05）.[结论]开展道路交通安全健康教育工作应针对不同人群的特点采取相应针对性的措施。

[ Objective ] To study the status of knowledge, attitude of the community residents in Nanjing on traffic injury prevention and control, and to provide guide for the further work on health promotion for control and prevention of traffic injury. [ Methods ] With duster multistage sampling, 492 residents in Nanjing were interviewed by questionnaire. This study explored the degrees of knowing knowledge, positive attitude to traffic safety of the residents of different age, sex, marital status, educational level and economic situation. [ Results ] There are some differences in knowledge and attitude of prevention and control of road traffic injuries of different age, gender, marital status, education level and economic status of the residents. There are some differences in non-motorized traffic knowledge of different age （Х^2= 10.587, P 〈 0.05 ）. Male residents do better than female on the knowledge of the traffic rules, non-motorized traffic and electric bicycle （Х^2=6.996, 9.059, 4.945, P 〈 0.05 ）. Residents＇ knowledge and attitude of different marital status are not significantly different （P〉 0.05 ）. As the education level changes, the understanding level of traffic signals and police gestures, highway speed limits for motor vehicles, motor vehicle driving knowledge and non-motorized traffic knowledge have all changed （Х^2=18.743, 27.673, 19.944, 28.356, P 〈 0.05 ）. As the economic status changes, the knowledge of the traffic rules, the understanding level of traffic signals and police gestures, highway speed limits for motor vehicles, non-motorized traffic knowledge have all changed （Х^2=16.433, 22.597, 23.664, 11.117, P〈 0.05 ）, residents whose income between 20000 to 40000 RMB per year are most willing to accept road safety education free of charge（Х^2=13.233, P〈0.05 ）. [ Conclusion ] Further strengthen to the road safety education activities should be done to the community residents. And different methods of intervention should be based on the different group that the community resident belongs to.