某医院病理科空气污染现状及解决方法初探

Study on Indoor Air Pollution of Pathology Laboratory in a Hospital and its Control Measure

[目的]探讨降低病理科化学试剂空气污染的有效方法。[方法]在同等条件下,关闭门窗12h后(A组)、通风排气30min后(B组)、应用空气净化装置加通风排气30min后(C组)3种情况下测定取材室甲醛浓度、技术室二甲苯浓度。[结果]A、B、C3种情况下取材室甲醛检测浓度分别为(4.35±0.28)、(0.46±0.06)、(0.39±0.02)mg/m^3,技术室二甲苯浓度分别为(5.18±0.08)、(0.60±0.04)、(0.07±0.01)mg/m^3。[结论]病理科常用化学试剂严重污染工作环境,通风是减少病理科污染程度的最方便、最直接、较有效方法,但有一定的局限性;空气净化装置加通风排气的应用是目前降低病理科化学试剂污染程度较为有效的方法之一。

[ Objective ] To study the effective methods to control the indoor air pollution arisen from the chemicals in the pathology laboratory. [ Methods ] The concentrations of formaldehyde and xylene in the laboratory were detected in three situations： i.e. 12hours after the door and windows were closed（ Group A ）, 30minutes after ventilaton（ Group B ）, and 30minutes after application of an air purification equipment and ventilation（ Group C ）. [ Results ] The formaldehyde concentrations in the autopsy room in situations A, B and C were（ 4.35 ± 0.28 ）, （ 0.46 ± 0.06 ）, and（ 0.39 ±0.02 ）mg/m^3; the xylene concentrations in the specimen preparation room in the three situations were （ 5.18 ± 0.08 ）, （ 0.60 ± 0.04 ）, and （ 0.07 ± 0.01 ）mg/ms, respectively. [ Conclusion ] The common chemicals used in the pathology laboratory badly polluted the work environment. Ventilation is the most advantageous and the most direct and effective method to reduce the air pollution, but it has limitations. Application of ventilation and the air purification equipment at the same time is more effcetive to reduce the pollution.