大沽全海笋生物学习性及人工育苗技术

BIOLOGICAL HABITS AND ARTIFICIAL BREEDING TECHNIQUE OF BARNEA DAVIDI

研究了大沽全海笋的生殖腺发育、繁殖季节、产卵量、胚胎发育、栖息底质及其对水温、盐度的适应性和耐干露能力等生物学习性。在此基础上研究出一套工厂化育菌技术，在12．96m3水体中培育体长2．4～10．2mm的苗种526万粒。

The biological habits and artificial breeding techniques of bavnea davidi(Deshayes)was reported. The reproduction season of the shellfish was from June to July in Shangdong offshore (tem. 18～20°). In the condition of water temperature 20℃t, the hatching time of eggs about 22～23 h,hatching rate was about 80%. They lived in the trench about 1.5 m in depth with putty and grit bottom. The optimum water specific gravity was 1 .020～1.025. Under the air temperature 23 ～ 25℃,their dry-resistant time was less than 33 h. After 86 d culture under wate temperature 16. 8 ～26. 5℃,the parent clams survival rate is 92%.Under the water temperature 18 ～20℃, the parent clams caught in for could spawned under water temperature 18. 5 ～21. 30℃, fed mainly with Isochrysis galbana, the larvae will develop into post pen shell stage after 22 ～24 d(320μm×344μm). About 15 d late, the post pen shell larvae will metamorphsis into double water tube spats(560μm×496μm). With the grit and putty substract, the metamorphsis rate is about 66% and the juviniles grew about 403 μm/d. From 1 to 26 in Aug. there were 5 250 000 spats with average length 7.63 mm were produced in 12. 96 m2 pool and the survival rate is 87. 8%.