试评刘克庄的“诗歌审美风格论”

On Liu Kezhuang's Aesthetic Theory of Poetic Style

从欣赏四灵及江湖诗人的轻清淡雅之美,到推崇江西诗派的奇崛雄劲和古体诗的简淡清远,再到对平淡自然美的终极崇尚,刘克庄的审美理想呈现出一个不断寻求新变的过程,这使得他超越了江湖诗人,但却没能突破传统格局。对于各种审美风格,他主张兼容和适度的原则,追求中边不一的美学理想和对儒家中和之美的弘扬;但也多抽象之论,缺乏具体的实践指导性。

Liu Kezhuang＇ s aesthetic theory shows itself a continually changing course -- he appreciates ＂Four Poets＂ and itinerant-poets＇ aesthetic style, then turns to the Jiangxi-poetic school and ancient poetry, and finally the plain and inartificial aesthetic style. He surpasses the itinerant-poets, but does not break through Chinese traditional patterns. He advocates combination and moderation as to all kinds of aesthetic styles. He seeks to achieve his aesthetic ideality of poetic diversity and to carry forward Confucian aesthetic thought. But his theory is abstract and hard to be applied to poetic composition.