生物砂滤去除微污染水源水浊度特性与机理研究

Characteristics of biological sand filtration system removing turbidity from micro-polluted source water and mechanism thereof

研究了生物砂滤柱对微污染水源水浊度的去除效果,分析了水温、进水浊度和有机物指标等对出水浊度的影响。结果表明,自然挂膜滤柱较接种挂膜滤柱对浊度的去除效果更佳;在常温(22～26℃)和低温(15℃以下)条件下,生物砂滤柱对浊度的去除率分别为76%～84%和58%～79%。相同温度条件下,进水浊度与出水浊度存在一定的相关性,相关系数R2为0.548 7;通过对进水CODMn、UV254与出水浊度的研究表明,有机物指标越高,则出水浊度越高。生物砂滤柱对浊度的去除可以总结为机械沉淀、生物絮凝、生物氧化作用等几个方面。采用生物砂滤柱处理微污染水源水,能够有效去除水中的浊度。

The effect of biological sand filtration column removing turbidity from micro-polluted source water was studied, the influences of water temperature, influent turbidity and organic matter indexes on effluent turbidity were analyzed. The results showed that, filtration column of natural start-up method had a better trubidity removal effect than the filtration column of inoculum start-up method; under the conditions of normal temperature（22 - 26 ℃） and low temperature（〈 15 ℃）, the removal rate of turbidity by biological sand filtration column were 76% - 84% and 58% - 79% respectively. When the temperature condition was the same, there existed certain relativity between influent turbidity and effluent turbidity, the correlation coefficient R2 was 0.548 7; the study of the influent CODM., UV254 and effluent turbidity indicated that, the higher the organic matter indexes were, the higher the effluent turbidity would be. The mechanism of the turbidity removal by biological sand filtration column could be summarized from the following aspects： mechanical deposition, biological floeculation, biological oxidation and so on. Therefore, using biological sand filtration column to treat micro-polluted source water could effectively remove the turbidity.