PVC/(VC/EA)/n-CaCO_3复合材料的制备及其性能研究

Preparation of Polyvinylchloride/(vinyl chloride/ethyl acrylate)/(nanometer calcium carbonate) Composite Material and Its Properties

通过对纳米碳酸钙表面改性及其对聚氯乙烯(PVC)/氯乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物(VC/EA)/纳米碳酸钙(n-CaCO3)三元复合体系加工成型工艺等的考察,研制了(PVC)/(VC/EA)/n-CaCO3复合材料,并对其力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:利用将VC/EA共聚物与纳米CaCO3先制成复合母粒,再与PVC进行共混的二次分散成型工艺,有利于纳米CaCO3在基体中的分散;当复合母粒中VC/EA与n-CaCO3的比例为2∶3(质量分数比,下同)时,材料的力学性能最佳,n-CaCO3对材料具有补强作用,并且n-CaCO3和VC/EA能协同增韧PVC,使材料的冲击强度得到大幅度提高,当PVC和复合母粒比例为100/20时,材料的冲击强度达到38.2 kJ.m-2,是纯PVC(PVC的冲击强度为4.9 kJ.m-2)的7.8倍,拉伸强度仍高达50.8MPa。

Poly（vinyl chloride）（PVC）/（vinyl chloride /ethyl acrylate）（VC/EA）/nanometer calcium carbonate（n-CaCO3）composite material was prepared in the basis of investigating nCaCO3 surface modification and the processing of（PVC）/（VC/EA）/ n-CaCO3 ternary-phase composite system,and its mechanical properties were also studied.The results showed that the dispersion of n-CaCO3filler in the matrix could obviously be improved by the twice dispersion forming process,in which the master batch was first prepared by dispersing the n-CaCO3 in the VC/EA copolymer,and then was processed with PVC;the general mechanical properties of prepared composite material were the best when the proportion of VC/EA to n-CaCO3 in the master batch was 2∶3;the reinforcing effect of n-CaCO3 on PVC and good cooperation effect of n-CaCO3 and VC/EA on the toughness were obtained during the forming process,the impact strength of PVC/（VC/EA）/n-CaCO3 composite material was improved greatly,arriving at 38.2 kJ m^-2 when the proportion of PVC to the master batch（（VC/EA）/n-CaCO3 = 2∶3） was 100∶20,as 7.8 times as much as that of pure PVC（4.9 kJ·m^-2）,at the same time the tensile strength of the composite material also arrived at 50.8MPa.