Lakoff笔下隐喻的特点、问题及启示

Characteristics,Problems and Lessons of Metaphor by Lakoff

隐喻作为一种认知现象现在已成为认知语言学的研究焦点。Lakoff&Johnson在《我们赖以生存的隐喻》一文中形成了系统的隐喻理论,本文通过深入分析研究这一理论,归纳并阐释了隐喻的四个典型特征,并指出隐喻虽无处不在,但我们不能为死隐喻所束缚,应不断进行隐喻创新;另一方面,本文给出了隐喻的两方面启示:其一是对诗学研究的启示,其二是对语言教学的启示。

Metaphor, as a cognitive phenomenon, has been the focus in the study of cognitive linguistics. Lakoff Johnson has formed a systemic theory of metaphor in Metaphors We Live By. Based on the deep analysis and study of the theory, this article chooses four characteristics of metaphor and illustrates them, thus points out we shouldn＇t limit our minds to dead metaphors which are omnipresent but should invent new metaphors, then this article presents two lessons about metaphor, one is for the study of poems, the other is for the teaching and study of foreign languages.