Gemini稠油乳化降黏剂GMS-1的合成及应用性能

Synthesis and Performance Properties of Bisulfonate Gemini Surfactant as Viscous Oil Emulsifier/Viscosity Reducer GMS-1

稠油乳化降黏剂GMS-1是M=814的磺酸盐型孪二连表面活性剂，根据东辛营27馆陶组稠油（50℃黏度8769mPa·s）所含脂肪酸中C16和C18组分所占比例较大的特点，由C16、C18脂肪醇、环氧丙磺酸、乙二胺合成并用红外光谱法确认了化学结构。其表面活性远大于常用各种类型的普通表面活性剂。用矿化度30g／L的含钙镁盐水配制的0．1％～1．5％的GMS-1水溶液与该稠油在50℃、油水比≤70／30时形成低黏度O／W乳状液（附典型电镜照片），油水比85／15时仅在GMS-1质量分数较高时形成较低黏度乳状液；当油水比70／30、温度在30～60℃范围时，1．0％～2，0％GMS-1水溶液与稠油形成的乳状液的黏度低且基本上不随温度而变，而0．1％～1．0％GMS-1水溶液与稠油形成的乳状液的黏度则随GMS-1质量分数的减小和温度的降低而升高；在5.0～90g／L范围内，矿化度（NaCI质量浓度）对乳状液黏度的影响与温度相似。GMS-1耐温性好，形成的稠油乳状液稳定性好。在营27x5机抽井使用GMS-1，使产出的含水17．2％的原油井口黏度由15987mPa·S降至484.9mPa·S。图5表5参4。

Viscous crude oil emulsifier/viscosity reducer GMS-1 is a bisulfonate gemini surfactant of M= 814 and is synthesized from C16 and C48 aliphatic alcohols, epoxypropyl sulfonate, and ethylene diamine in accordance with the data that a large amount of Cl6 and C48 components exists in the aliphatic acids separated from viscous crude oil （VCO） of Guantao Formation of Ying-27 unit, Dongxin, Shengli （viscosity at 50℃ 8769 mPa·s）. The chemical structure of GMS-1 is identified IR-spectrophotometrically. Its surface activity is much higher than that of common surfactants of different types. At 50℃, 0.1--1.5% GMS-1 solution in a Ca^2＋ ＋ Mg^2＋ containing brine of TSD= 30 g/L and the VCO form low viscosity O/W emulsions with oil to water volume ratio （OWR）≤70/30, which is demonstrated by a typical EM photograph, and relatively low viscvosity O/W emulsions with OWR = 85/15 are formed at higher GMS-1 volume fraction; with OWR = 70/30 and at temperatures 30---60℃, the viscosity of VCO/1.0---2.0% GMS-1 emulsions is low and practically does not change with changing temperature and of VCO/0.1--1.0 GMS-1 emulsions rises with lowering temperature and GMS-1 mass fraction; the TSD,or NaC1 mass concentration, of GMS-1 solution in range 5.0--90 g/L has similar influences on emulsion viscosity. GMS-1 is heat resistant and the O/W emulsions formed by GMS-1 is fairly stable at standing. The viscosity of crude oil with watercut 17.2% produced from pumping well Ying-27x5 at wellhead is lowered from 15987 to 484.9 mPa·s as a result of hotiom treatment by GMS-1.