草桥稠油O／W乳状液破乳实验研究

Studies on Demulsification of Caoqiao Heavy Oil-in-Water Emulsions

胜利草桥稠油胶质＋沥青质含量高（28．8％＋0．86％），含蜡量低（3．58％），密度大（0．983g／cm^3，20℃），黏度高（12.8Pa·s，50℃），凝点低（5℃），低温流动性很差。将该稠油与10g／L的OP-10水溶液按7：3体积比配制成O佃乳状液，用6种商品破乳剂（滨州化工厂的SP169、RP、JHB2、BH202、BCL-405，Sigma公司的EPE），以200mg／L的加剂量在60℃破乳脱水，脱水率均很高但脱出水浑浊。二元复配破乳剂SP169／EPE破乳脱水效果最好，脱水率100％且脱出水清澈，两别最佳复配质量比在1：1附近，最佳加剂量150～200mg／L，最佳破乳温度50～60℃．最佳破乳时间30min。加入20g／L的NaCl使复配破乳剂对稠油乳状液的破乳速度加快，15min即完全破乳分层，脱出水清澈度进一步改善。讨论了破乳机理。图1表4参11。

The crude oil produced in Caoqiao oil field, Shengli, is characterized by high resin ＋ asphaltene eontent,28.8% ＋ 0.86%, low wax eontent, 3.58%, high density, 0. 983 g/cm^3 at 20℃ ,high viscosity, 12.8 Pa·s at 50℃ ,and low pour point,5℃, and has pcor fluidity at low temperatures. The crude oil is mixed with 10 g/L aqueous solution in oil to water volume ratio 7 ： 3 to make an O/W emulsion and 6 eommercial crude oil demulsifiers（Binzhou＇ s SP169, RP, JHB2, BH202, and BCL-405 and Sigma＇ s EPE） are taken at dosage 200 mg/L to demulsify this emulsion at 60℃. For all these demulsifiers, the percentage dehydration of the O/W emulsion is high but the water separted is rather cloudy. A binary eombination, SP169/EPE, is shown to be most effective, giving 100% hydration and clear separated water, and the optimal working parameters are as foUows： SP169/EPE mass ratio about 1 ： 1 ; eomblnational demulsifier dosage 150--200 rag/L; dehydration temperature 50--60℃ ;time duration 30 rain. With NaCl introduced at dosage 20 g/L, the demulsiflcation dehydration of the O/W emulsion by the combinational demulsifier is speeded up and eompleted in 15 rnin with separated water clearness further improved. The demulsifying mechanisms are discussed.