硬粒小麦与珍珠栗远缘杂交的受精作用和胚胎发育

FERTILIZATION AND EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN WHEAT AND PEARL MILLET

对硬粒小麦（ＴｒｉｔｉｃｕｎｄｕｒｕｍＤｅｓｆ．）和珍珠栗（Ｐｅｎｎｉｓｅｔｕｍｇｌａｕｃｕｍｓｙｎ．Ｐ．ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎｕｍ）远缘杂交的受精作用和胚胎发育进行了研究。对授粉后的１９２个硬粒小麦子房进行制片观察，７．８１％发生双受精，具胚和胚乳，但胚乳发育往往落后于胚的发育；３．１３％只发生了单卵受精，只产生胚而无胚乳；１．０４％发生了单极核受精，只产生胚乳而无胚。总受精率为１１．９８％，成胚率为１０．９４％。由于胚乳的缺乏或发育异常及败育。

The fertilization and embryo development in wide crosses of Triticum durum Desf.and Pennisetum glaucum syn.P.americanum were studied.In a sample of 192 flo rets fixed after pollination,7.81% had doublefertilization and had embryo and endosperm,but endosperm development was slower than that of the embryos,3.13% had only embryo and 1.04% had only endosperm.The frequency of fertilization and embryo formation were11.98% and 10.94%.Because the endosperms were abnormal,it was very difficult to produce viable mature seeds.