基于ANSYS的高速机夹式铣刀强度设计与安全性分析

Strength Design of High-speed Butt Milling Cutter Based on ANSYS and Its Safety Analysis

当把离心力作为主要载荷进行高速铣刀的强度计算时,经典力学计算方法存在一定误差,不能满足安全性设计要求。笔者分析高速铣刀的离心力效应;建立高速机夹式端面铣刀强度设计有限元模型;模拟不同转速下刀具各组成部分的应力与变形的大小和分布;并结合分析结果,对高速铣刀安全性设计提出了改进意见。分析表明,对于100mm机夹式端面铣刀,当转速达到15000r/min时,螺钉的等效应力已达到材料的临界应力状态,出现明显的弯曲变形,刀片产生的位移达0.04mm。

When the centrifugal force becomes the leading load in strength design of high-speed milling cutter, the calculation method of classical mechanics has some error and can not satisfy the safety design of milling cutters. To overcome this problem, the effect of centrifugal force of high-speed milling cutter is analyzed. The finite element model of strength designing for high-speed butt milling cutter is established. Stress and displacement of the subassembly of milling cutters at different rotating speed is simulated. On the basis of the results obtained by finite element analysis, improvement measures for security design of high-speed milling cutter are discussed. Analysis shows that, for the 100mm-typed butt milling cutters, the equivalent stress of clamping bolt reaches the critical stress of its material when the rotating speed of milling cutter is 15 000 r/min. Simultaneously, bend distortion obviously happens to clamping bolt, and the insert displacement is 0.04 ram.