团聚丽瓢虫生物学特性及其对铁杉球蚜的捕食作用研究

A Study of Biological Features of Adelges tsugae and its Predacious Function on Adalia conglomerate

研究了团聚丽瓢虫Adalia conglomerate的形态特征、生物学特性以及对铁杉球蚜的捕食效应。试验结果表明,团聚丽瓢虫1 a发生1代,以成虫越冬。团聚丽瓢虫卵期、1、2、3、4龄、预蛹和蛹的发育历期平均分别是10 d^15 d,5 d^11 d,7 d^11 d,7 d^11 d,8 d^16 d,20 d^30 d,15 d^18 d。团聚丽瓢虫成虫和3龄幼虫可捕食所有龄期的铁杉球蚜,尤其喜欢捕食卵。捕食能力随着自身龄期增大而增大,成虫日最大捕食量最大,为344.8头。团聚丽瓢虫成虫和幼虫对铁杉球蚜卵的捕食效应均符合HollingⅡ型模型。成虫对铁杉球蚜的寻找效应用Hassel&Varley模型进行模拟,模型为E=0.4517P-0.5568,r2=0.9859,表明随着猎物密度的增加,个体间的干扰越强,表现出对铁杉球蚜的捕食作用减小。

Through the research in lab and field, Adalia conglomerate developed one generation per year in Sichuan province, and they overwintered as adults. The first larve, the second larve, the third larve, pupae, and adult stages lasted 10～ 15 days, 5 ～ 11 days, 7 ～ 11 days,7～ 11 days,8 ～ 16 days,20～30 days,15 ～18 days respectively. They could feed on Adelges tsugae eggs, larve, nymphs and adults, and especially preyed on eggs. The predacious capability of Adalia conglomerate increased as its age became older. The adults had the biggest predation number ,being 344. 8 heads per day. Under laboratory conditions , the equation of Hollking - Ⅱ could be well used to describe the functional response of Adalia conglomerate predation on Adelges tsugae. As the increase of the density of the prey, the interference among predators would become stronger, and the predacious capability of the predators would become weaker. The equation of predation rate was： E =0. 4517P^-0.5568 ,and r^2 =0. 9859.