论反语接收者对反语的判定认知及自洽原则

On the cognition and self-negotiation in irony interpretation

拟从反语接收者的角度来分析反语接收者对于反语的判定及认知,其最终结论不难发现,反语接收者对于反语的判定认知有着类似受喻者的主体性,反语的成功判定和认知解读需要接收者充分调动自己的认知主体性,结合反语发出者所处的物理语境、字面意义来解读,但由于反语接收者个体主体性的差异,也可导致接收者对于反语发出者真实意图的不同解读或是无法解读,从而感受不到反语的存在,同时反语接收者对于反语的认知过程也受到自洽原则的引导,即反语接收者会根据已有事件或言语概念对后续事件或言语产生"预测",一旦这种"预测"遭到违反就会使反语接收者产生一种"焦虑"感,这时反语接收者会开始自我协商的过程而消除"焦虑"感。

This article illustrates the judgment and cognition of an irony from the angle of the receiver of an irony. It shows that for judging or recognizing an irony the receiver of an irony also has his or her subjectivity the giver of an irony has, which is the same case in the addressee＇s interpretation for a metaphor. Whether the receiver can judge an irony successfully depends on his or her making full use of the subjectivity, the giver＇s physical context and the literal meaning out of the giver. However, sometimes the receivers of an irony may have different understandings to an irony or cannot judge an irony from the giver because of different individual subjectivities. Moreover, the whole process of an irony＇s interpretation is guided by the Principle of Self- negotiation. That is, the receiver of an irony will make predictions for following events or utterances related according to the context or preceding utterances. Once the prediction is violated, the receiver will be ＇anxious＇. At this time, he will begin his self-negotiational procedure to eliminate the ＇anxiety.