北京成年人胃食管反流相关症状流行病学调查

Epidemiology of Symptoms Suggestive of GastroEsophageal Reflux Disease in Beijing Adult Population.

目的胃食管反流病是指过多胃、十二指肠内容物反流入食管引起烧心、反酸、反食等症状，可导致食管炎、以及口咽、喉、气道等食管以外的组织损害。本研究的目的是：（１）了解北京普通成人中ＧＥＲ相关症状的发生情况；（２）研究ＧＥＲ与呼吸道症状、口咽喉部疾患等的关系；（３）了解ＧＥＲ的危险因素等。对象和方法研究对象为北京１８７０岁城乡常住人口共２５００人。采用分层多级整群随机抽样问卷调查方法。每一份问卷由经过培训的调查员亲自询问填写，并有专门人员进行审核。问卷内容包括一般资料（性别、身高、体重、婚姻状况、是否怀孕等）；一年内反酸、反食、烧心、胸骨后痛等胃食管反流症状，以及口咽、气道等食管外症状的发生情况；ＧＥＲＤ的危险因素（饮食、体位、劳累、生气、紧张、怀孕、药物等）；饮食及生活习惯（饮食、排便、烟、酒、茶、咽啡等）等。结果胃食管反流典型症状（烧心和／或反酸、反食、）发生率为２９．３％，其中多为轻度、症状较重、发生频次较高者占少数（３％）。其它相关症状的发生率分别为：非心源性胸痛４．４％、恶心８．６％、呕吐３．８％、吞咽困难１．７％。胃食管反流相关症状与年龄的关系：３０岁以上反流症状发生率明显高于３０岁以下，Ｐ＜０．０１?

AIMS ① to obtain the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) in Beijing adult population;②To study the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux(GER) and respiratory symptoms,chest pain,oral cavity diseases,ect;③to assess the risk factors of GERD.METHODS Study sample:stratified probability random sample of 2500 people aged 1870 years living in Beijing was obtained from the city Bureau of Census.We use questionnaire which includes:① General information (age,heihgt,body weight,pregnancy,smoking and drinking habits,etc);②Specified symptoms experienced during the precceding year.They are heartburn,regurgitation,chest pain,dysphagia,vomiting and cough,asthma,etc;③Risk factors of GERD:diet,body posture,stress,exercises,pregnancy,menstruation and medica tions.Statistical analysis:all questionnaire data were recorded in dbase Ⅲ plus and be analyzed using χ2 test.RESULTS Of the 2500 adults,male 1190,female 1309,the male/female ratio was 1∶1.1,the ratio of male/female in Beijing general population was nearly 1∶1.Heartburn,acid and food regurgitation were found among 29.3% of the participations,2136% in abroad.Male to female ratio was 1∶1.27.Agedrelated prevalence:it is much higher in over 30 years than below 30,P<0.01.The prevalence of symptoms suggestive of GERD is higher in the cases with respiratory symptoms and oral cavity diseases,etc.than in general population,P<0.001.Sixtyone percent of GER symptoms were induced by precipitating factors,which include:diet(sweet potato,spice,sweet food,fat,orange juice,alcohol,solid food,etc.),angry,stress,fatigue,exercises,medications(oral antibiotics,aminophyllin,NSAIDS,steroids,etc.),menstruation(occur mainly before menstruation),pregnancy.Risk factors:some diet and living habits,such as spice,fat foods and chronic constipation,etc.CONCLUSIONS The symptoms suggestive of GERD are common in Beijing adult population(29.3%),which often caused by some precipitating factors.There may be causing relationship between GER and respiratory symptoms and oral cavity diseases,etc.Some diet and living habits may be the risk factors of GER.