狂犬病免疫失败危险因素的非条件logistic回归分析

Logistic regression analysis on risk factors of rabies immunization failure

目的分析桂林市2002—2005年狂大病免疫失败的危险因素，为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对桂林市各县（区）2002—2005年35例接种狂犬疫苗失败者及42例对照者进行狂犬病免疫失败相关危险因素个案调查，包括病例的一般情况、致伤部位、致伤程度和伤口处理情况、免疫接种等，运用非条件logistic回归分析法对数据进行统计分析。结果10项研究指标中有5项单因素分析有统计学意义，3项多因素分析有统计学意义，分别是：伤口处理、注射第一剂疫苗时间和是否注射血清或免疫球蛋白。结论伤口不处理或未正确处理、未及时接种狂犬疫苗和未注射抗狂犬病血清或免疫球蛋白是发生免疫失败的主要原因。

Objective To study the risk factors of rabies immunization failure in Guilin City and provide the scientific evidence for the field intervention.Methods With case-control study method, 35 rabies cases of immunization failure and 42 controls which occurred in Guilin City from 2002 to 2005 were regarded as research objects to investigate and analyze . The healthy survivors who had been hurt by dogs in the same way and had been inoculation of vaccine were regarded as control. The results were analyzed With logistic regression . Results In the single factor analysis, 5 of 10 indexes were obviously significant. While 3 of 10 indexes were obviously significant in the multi- factor stepWise analysis, which included the wound Without treatment, no timely inoculation of vaccine, and no injection of anti-rabies serum（immunoglobulin）. Conclusions The wound Without treatment, no timely inoculation of vaccine, and no injection of anti-rabies serum（immunoglobulin） were the risk factors of rabies immunization failure occurred in Guilin City.