实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎的视神经病理改变

Pathological changes of optic nerves in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

目的研究实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)的视神经病理改变。方法足垫皮下注射豚鼠脊髓匀浆和完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)混合物制作Wistar大鼠EAE模型,于发病后第6d将大鼠处死,取视神经、脑和脊髓,行HE和LFB染色,光镜和电镜下观察其病理改变。结果病理检查发现EAE模型组大鼠脑、脊髓有不同程度的炎症反应和脱髓鞘改变;均有视神经病变,光镜主要表现为炎症反应和脱髓鞘,视神经髓鞘脱失重于炎症反应;电镜主要表现为髓鞘稀疏,少突胶质细胞数量减少、胞核固缩,其周围包裹的髓鞘板层松解,轴突髓鞘分离。结论EAE大鼠存在明显的视神经病变,主要为视神经炎症反应和脱髓鞘改变。

Objective To explore pathological changes of optic nerve in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis （EAE）. Methods Established the Wistar rat models of EAE by footpad injection of guinea pig spinal cord homogenates and CFA. Animals were executed 6 clays after disease onset, and optic nerves, brains and spinal cords were removed for light （HE staining and LFB staining） and electron microscope pathological analysis. Results Various degrees of inflammation and demyelination of brains and spinal cords were found in the rats of EAE group. All the EAE rats had optic neuropathy mainly manifested as inflammation and demyelination under light microscope. Demyelination changes were more apparente than inflammation in optic nerves. Electron microscope observes decreased number of myelin sheaths and Oligodendroeytes （ OLGs ） , OLGs karyopycnosis and the loosed myelin sheaths and their disassociation from axons were also found nearby. Conclusions Optic neuropathy is obvious in this rat model of EAE. mainly manifested as optie inflammation and demvelination.