急性轻度缺氧对飞行员视觉跟踪辨认能力的影响

Effect of acute mild hypoxia on ability of visual tracking identification in pilots

目的:考察急性轻度缺氧对飞行员视觉追踪辨认能力的影响。方法:在明视或暮视光环境中,采用LDS-1型动态视力检测仪。检查31名飞行员呼吸空气(氧浓度为20%)或低氧混合气体(氧浓度为14.5%～15.2%)时,对速度为30、45、60 km/h的纵向运动目标的视觉跟踪辨认能力,以动态视力表示。结果:在暮视光环境条件中,2种(30、45 km/h)纵向动态视力的平均值急性轻度缺氧状态下比正常状态下有明显下降(P<0.01),下降率分别为19.4%和21.4%;在明视光环境条件中,纵向动态视力的平均值急性轻度缺氧状态下与正常状态下相比无显著变化。结论:在暮视光环境中,急性轻度缺氧对飞行员视觉跟踪辨认运动目标的能力有显著影响。

Objective： To investigate the ability of visual tracking identification of pilots under the condition of acute mild hypoxia. Methods： Under the condition of photopia or eopsia, the dynamic visual acuity of 31 pilots were measured by LDS- 1 dynamic vision tester when breathing the air（the oxygen density was 20%） and low oxygen （the oxygen density was 14.5% - 15.2% ）. Results： In the eopsia environment, the average dynamic visual acuities at two speeds （30 and 45 km/h） under the condi- tion of acute mild hypoxia decreased markedly, compared with those under the normal condition. The descending rates were 19.4% and 21.4 %, respectivdy, which showed significant differences （P 〈 0.01 ）. While in the photopic environment, the average dynamic visual acuities under the conditon of acute mild hypoxia didn＇ t show significant differences, compared with those under the normal condition. Conclusions. In the eopsia environment, ability of visual tracking identification of pilots was significandy influenced by acute mild hypoxia, which should be thought highly of the aviation hygiene guarantee workers.