电子废物回收处理污染对人类的遗传毒性

Genotoxic study of the pollutants from recycling waste electronic products

目的对长期居住在天津市近郊某镇电子垃圾处理较集中的3个村庄的居民进行细胞遗传学研究,分析电子垃圾污染物对人体的损伤效应。方法在当地居民中随机选择171位村民进行染色体畸变(CA)和胞浆阻滞微核(CBMN)分析,并进行彗星分析检测DNA损伤。选取与该镇毗邻区域且从未接触电子垃圾处理的30位村民(男女各半)作为对照组。结果暴露组染色体总畸变率5.50%,与对照组差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);微核率暴露组16.99‰,对照组3.47‰,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);彗星分析检测彗星尾部DNA百分含量(TDNA%)、尾矩(TM)、Olive尾矩(OTM)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。女性的染色体畸变率、微核率和DNA损伤水平均明显高于男性。结论电子垃圾污染物是潜在的遗传诱变剂,能够造成污染人群的细胞遗传学损伤。

Objective To study the cytogenetics change in the residents of three villages near a waste electronic products recycling area in Tianjin city. Methods 171 residents in those villages were randomly selected as the objects of polluted group to make chromosome aberration （CA）. cytokinesis-block micronucleus （CBMN） and single cell gel electrophoresis （SCGE） analysis. Another 30 residents who lived in near village without exposure to waste electronic products were selected as control group. Results It was shown that the CA rate was 5.50% and the CBMN rate was 16.99‰ in exposed group, significantly higher than that of control group （P 〈 0. 001 ）. The same difference was found in DNA percentage in tail （TDNA%）, tail moment （TM） and Olive tail moment （OTM） detected by SCGE （P 〈 0. 001 ）. All the changes mentioned above in females were obviously higher than that in males. Conclusions The pollutant from a waste electronic products was a latent genetic mutagens, it can cause cytogenetics damage to exposed population.