少数民族少年儿童砖茶型氟中毒流行病学调查

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF BRICK TEA TYPE FLUOROSIS AMONG CHILDREN OF MINORITY NATIONALITIES

调查表明，四川、甘肃部分地区的藏族、蒙古族、哈萨克族、裕固族居住地水源氟浓度在０．００６～０．０１７８ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ之间，且无其他氟污染，但４个民族居民均长期、大量饮用砖茶熬制的奶茶，奶茶含氟量在０．１３８～０．１９６ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ之间。４个民族８～１５岁少年儿童氟斑牙患病率及氟斑牙指数分别为：藏族５１．２０％、指数１．３３；蒙古族５１．７５％、指数２．００；哈萨克族８４．４２％、指数３．０５；裕固族７５．７５％、指数２．５７。他们每人每日总摄氟量是国际公认最高限量的１．４２～２．５２倍。相关分析表明，造成４个民族儿童氟病流行的重要因素是奶茶（ｎ＝１５，ｒ＝０．９９）。

Water fluorine concentrations were 0.006 to 0.017mmol/L in the inhabitant area of Tibet, Mongolia,Kazak and Yugur nationalities in Sichuan and Gansu Province, and there was no other fluoride pollution. The four nationalities all drank large quantities of milk tea made from brick tea water for a long time.The prevalence and indices of dental fluorosis of the four nationalities children aged 8 to 15 years old were:51.20%,1.33;51.75%,2.00;84.42%, 3.05 ;75.75%,2.57 respectively. Their total daily fluoride intake was 1.42 to 2.52 times higher than the estimated safe and adequate daily dietary intake for fluoride in children,which was acknowledged internationally. Correlation analysis showed:the main factor related to fluorosis among the four nationalities children was milk tea(r=0.99).